LadyJai's Roses

Types of Roses

These are just a sample of the many different types available. It would be virtually impossible to list every rose ever developed--as they are always developing more and retiring others.

Old Garden Roses
Modern Roses
Floribundas
Polyanthas

Grandifloras
Climbing Roses
Miniature Roses
Tree Roses

Old Garden Roses

Hardy, Low Maintenance and Long-Lived
This name, "old garden rose" includes any rose whose class predated the introduction of hybrid teas in 1867. Their colors range from the subdued, matronly violets to the near-risqué oranges.

Albas: Clusters of medium-sized, fragrant, pink or white flowers. They are tall, dense and disease resistant. They only bloom once a season.
Bourbons: These bloom throughout the growing season. These plants are moderately hardy, and have fragrant double flowers. Colors range in pinks.
Centifolia: Common name is "cabbage rose". It may also be listed as Province rose. Some in this class are hardy to 20 degree below zero Fahrenheit and bloom once a year--usually in June. The 100-petal blooms are found in deep pink through white; branches are arching and slender; leaves are wrinkled.
Chinas: Not so hardy and do best in mild winters. Foliage is almost evergreen and blooms appear intermittently throughout the season. Flowers tend to be small and of pink and red hues.
Damask: Famous for their fragrance. All, except for autumn damasks, bloom only once. Flowers are medium to large on drooping or arching branches. These plants are extremely hardy and disease resistant.
Galacia: A French rose and oldest class of all known roses. Flowers may be heavily scented or have no scent at all; they may be single or double bloomed; plants may look spindly but are very hardy. They bloom once in the spring.
Hybrid foetida: Most often this variety is combined with other species for a brilliant yellow. Foetida refers to the offensive scent found in this species. They reach a towering 6 feet high.
Hybrid Perpetual: This class provides the transition from the old to the modern rose. This rose blooms either a single or double bloom all season. Tall, vigorous, and hardy.
Hybrid Rugosa: Very rugged, large, hardy, disease resistant and easy to care for. Carnation-like blooms.
Hybrid Spinosissima: These varieties are valued for their bloom. These hybrids are modern additions to the shrub border.
Noisettes: Climbers that love a mild climate. Produces clusters of blooms throughout the summer in a variety of colors.
Portland: Not very winter hardy; but when placed in a warm environment and given proper care, it can be very rewarding.
Species: Native, wild roses. Can bloom only once or repeatedly.
Tea: Translucent, pastel contributors to the modern hybrid tea roses. The name comes from the fresh-tea-leaf fragrance.

Modern Roses (Hybrid Teas)

After 1867

Long pointed buds, high centered blooms, unforgettable fragrance, and a vast range of colours--clear or blended. They combine the ever-blooming quality of the old tea roses with the hardiness of the hybrid perpetuals. The most perfect flower for a vase! If protected during the winter, most hybrid teas are hardy up to zone 5. Provide protection if temperatures drop persistently below 20 degrees Fahrenheit during the winter.

Top Hybrid Teas
American Heritage Creamy yellow, with a hint of pink	Antigua Golden Apricot	Apollo Medium yellow	Bewitched Pink
Big Ben Dark, velvety red	Blue Moon Lilac blue	Carla Pink petals, salmon undertones	Century Two Pale pink, slightly darker on the outside of the petals
Charlotte Armstrong Deep pink to light red	Chicago Peace Shades of yellow, bronze and deep pink	Christian Dior Cherry red	Chrysler Imperial classic red
Color Magic Changes colors from ivory to pink, coral, and rose	Columbus Queen Masses of pink petals, reverse is darker	Command Performance Orange-red and star-shaped	Confidence Pearly pink, shades of peach and yellow
Crimson Glory Deep velvet red	Dainty Bess Rose pink	Diamond Jubilee Yellow to apricot	Double Delight White and edged in red
Duet Pink, and in reverse--a deeper pink	Eclipse Golden yellow	Eiffel Tower Medium pink	Electron Glowing pink
First Love Pearly pink	First Prize Ivory pink center, deeper pink outside	Fragrant Cloud Orange-red	Friendship Flesh-coloured
Garden Part White	Granada Mix of red, gold, yellow, and pink	Grand Slam Red	Gypsy Dark orange-red petals
Heirloom Magenta, lightens to lilac with age	Helen Traubel Apricot-pink	Irish Gold Medium yellow, often with a hint of pink	Isabel de Ortiz Deep pink, silver reverse
Jadis Rose-pink	John F. Kennedy White	Kordes' Perfecta Creamy white, tips are crimson	Lady X pale, pinkish lavender
Lemon Spice Lemon yellow	Matterhorn Buds are tinted yellow; but when open, white	Medallion Light apricot	Michelle Meilland Creamy pink, shaded salmon centers
Mirandy Deep red	Miss All-American Beauty Dark pink, almost red	Mister Lincoln Dark red	Mojove Desert red, apricot or arange
Neue Revue White, edged in red. Fragrant but thorny	Oklahoma Dark red, almost black	Oldtimer Yellow-bronze	Oregold Deep gold
Papa Meilland Dark crimson	Paradise Silvery muave, pink center, red edges	Pascali Cream white	Peace Light to golden yellow, pink edges
Peer Gynt Golden yellow, red on edges as it ages	Perfume Delight Old rose	Pharaoh Brilliant red	Pink Peace Dusty pink, nothing like the Peace
Portriat A blend of pinks and ivory	Pristine White with pink	Promise Clear, dawn pink	Proud Land Brilliant red
Red Devil Red with a silver reverse	Red Lion Cherry red	Red Masterpiece Deep red	Rose Gaujard Cherry red, reverse of pale pink and white
Royal Highness Pale pink	Rubaiyat Rose-red	Seashell Luminous shades of peach, shrimp pink, and coral	Silver Lining Silvery pink with dark pink edges
Snowfire Scarlet, white reverse	South Seas Soft salmon to coral pink	Spellbinder Ivory buds opening to a blush pink, deepening to rose-red	Sterling Silver Lavender
Summer Sunshine Yellow	Sunset Jubilee Coppery pink, hints of yellow	Susan Massu Light yellow, tipped with pink	Sutter's Gold Orange and rust-red, opening to golden orange with scarlet veins
Swarthmore Cherry pink or dusty rose, edged with grey	Tiffany Pink with a yellow base	Toro Dark red	Tropicana Fluorescent, coral orange
White Knight Pure white	White Masterpiece Pure white	Wini Edmunds Strawberry with straw-yellow reverse	Yankee Doodle Light yellow, hints of apricot and salmon

Floribundas and Polyanthas

Floribundas produce a cluster of flowers from June until frost. They are a cross between the hybrid teas and the polyanthas to produce a hardy, low grower, and bushier plant. They come in a wide range of colour schemes and work well in mass plantings of the same plant and/or same colour. Floribundas are excellent for show and durability. Although the floribunda is good-looking, it is a looser and seldom has the size and perfection of the hybrid teas when viewed up close. Planting and winter care for the floribunda are the same for the hybrid teas.

Polyanthas reach a height of 18-24 inches. They are great for bedding, low hedges and border plantings. Polyanthas blooms range up to 2 inches across and put on a colourful display. Most have been replaced with their taller, and showy offspring.

Floribundas
Accent Bright crimson	Anabell Orange-salmon	Angel Face Deep lavender	Apache Tears While with scarlet edges
Apricot Nectar Creamy apricot, touched with pink and gold	Bahia Orange-red with golden yellow reverse	Betty Prior Carmine pink	Bon Bon Rose-pink with silver reverse
Cathedral Vibrant orange with a touch of yellow	Charisma Orange and gold	City of Belfast Orange-red	Else Poulson Bright rose
Europeana Dark crimson	Evening Star Pure white	Fabrege' Peachy pink	Fashion coral and peach-pink
Fire King Orange to scarlet	First Edition Bright coral	Gene Boerner medium pink	Iceburg White
Ivory Fashion Ivory	Little Darling Blend of yellow and soft pink	Orangeade Bright orange	Picnic Coral with yellow base and a touch of pink
Redgold Gold, edged in red	Rose Parade Shrimp pink	Sarabande Orange red	Saratoga White
Sea Pearl Pearly pink, hints of peach and yelllow	Spanish Sun Golden yellow	Spartan Orange to coral	Sunsprite Sunny yellow
Tamango Velvety crimson	Vogue Cherry coral	Woburn Abby Orange tints, shaded with red and gold

Pretty Polyanthas
Cecile Brunner Pink-on-yellow	China Doll Bright pink	Margo Koster Salmon	The Fairy

Grandiflora

Grandifloras are the proudest of all roses and they have the names to suit. This class of flower has famed parents--the floribundas and the hybrid teas. Grandifloras inherit its flower form and long stems from the hybrid teas; from the floribundas it receives hardiness, continuous flowering and clusters of blooms. They are the newest class of rose, developed in the 1950s, for the rose Queen Elizabeth. Grandifloras ar etaller than most and are good used at the back of beds or as a screen. The spacing between these particular roses should be at least 24 inches apart. (For hedges, planting closer is acceptable). Planting and tending grandifloras is relatively the same as the hybrid teas. Best grown as far north as zone 5. This class is the best for novice growers and the hobbyist alike.

Grandifloras
Aruarius Blended pinks	Arizona orange, pink gold	Camelot Coral-pink	Carrousel Dark red
Comanche Red to orange	John S. Armstrong Vivid dark red	Montezuma Rose-salmon and terra cotta	Mount Shasta Pure white
Ole' Orange red	Pink Parfait Pastel pink	Queen Elizabeth Dawn pink to a radient carmine	Scarlet Knight Velvety crimson to scarlet
Sonia Coral pink

Climbing Roses

For a romantic twist to your garden, add an arbour or turn your garden shed into a rose-coverd cottage with a trellis of these long-caned roses spreading over the roof. These roses must be tied to their supports because they do not have tendrils. Take care with these plants as they are not as hardy as most of the roses I have mentioned previously. Climbers need good air circulation; and when you provide support or a trellis, space it at least 2 feet from a solid structure. Climbers grow very little from the base of the plant, so take care not to remove whole canes or they probably will not bloom the next year. After the flowers fade, cut off the clusters below the bottom flower, leaving 2 or 3 leaves on short stems attached to the main branch. In the spring, cut out all dead wood and the oldest canes. Most climbers will withstand temperatures around 20 degrees Fahrenheit; however if your area is colder, take the climbers off their supports, lay the canes on the ground, peg them down, and cover with oak leaves or soil. In early spring, remove the protection and tie the climbers back up.

Climbing Roses
Aloha Rose pink, deeper pink in reverse Climbing hybrid tea	America Coral pink Slow to climb; but easy to train	Blaze Bright scarlet Blooms heavily in early summer	Coral Dawn Color befitts it's name
Don Juan Dark, velvety red Makes a good pillar rose	Dr. J. H. Nicolas Medium rose-pink Does very well on pillar or trellis	Golden Showers Daffodil yellow Can support it's self without aid	Handel White, edged in pink or red
High Noon Bright yellow, red tint climbing hybrid tea	Joseph's Coat Opens int yellow and passes through stages of orange and scarlet as it ages Pillar rose, tender to cold weather	New Dawn Pale pink Flowers repeatedly	Paul's Scarlet Climber Bright scarlet blooming only once, it is very weather resistant
Piñata (Spanish) Yellow, tinted with red or orange Can stand as a shrub and blooms profusely	Red Fountain Dark red Strong, arching sprays that train well	Rhonda Salmon pink	Royal Gold Yellow Very delicate
Royal Sunset Deep apricot, fading to light peach Also very tender	Talisman Yellow-bronze Easily trained to an arbour or trellis	Tempo Vigorous and disease resistant	White Dawn White Ever-blooming and fragrant
Ramblers Different colors depending

Miniature Roses

These flowers came about by crossing the fairy rose with the floribundas and the polyanthas. Even though though they are small, they are just as hardy, colourful, and robust as their taller counterparts. Like their relatives, miniatures are exquisite additions for landscape design. Use them as borders, or short hedges to line a walk way or driveway. Or you can use them as a border or groundcover in your flower bed. Use them in containers around a deck, patios or windows.

Start new miniatures in 4 inch pots, gradually working them into larger pots as they grow. Remember that roses in containers outdoors need watering more often than ones planted directly in the ground. A mulch on top of the planter will help keep them moist. Plastic pots also hold in moisture better than the terra cotta pots. Soil must be well drained whether indoors or out. Use a potting mix or mix your own with equal amounts of soil, loam, sand, and peat moss.

Miniatures inside need a lot of sun. A southern window is best. High intensity fluorescent light from 10-14 hours a day can also be beneficial. Set them on a tray of water and pebbles to keep the humidity up. Outside, miniatures can tolerate a bit more shade than their taller cousins. Don't plant them too close to a tree, however, because of the root system on a tree demanding more water. Prune the minis according to their use. Hedges should be trimmed to be neat and tidy. Indoors or outside in smaller decorative planters, keep them about 3 inches.

Popular Miniatures
Baby Betsy McCall Light pink, base with a hint of cream	Baby Darling Apricot	Baby Masquerade Changes from yellow, orange to red	Beauty Secret Medium red
Bo-Peep Soft pink	Chipper Coral-pink	Cinderella White with a hint of pale, dawn-pink	Cuddles Coral-pink
Dwarfking Dark red	Easter Morning Ivory	Gloriglo Fluorescent orange with white reverse	Gold Coin Yellow
Green Ice Apricot buds, white blooms	Hula Girl Orange-yellow	Janna White with pink edges	Jeanie Williams Red and yellow bicolor
Jeanne Lajoie Medium pink	Kathy Rich red	Kathy Robinson Pink with buff reverse	Lavender Lace Lilac
Littleest Angel Medium yellow	Magic Carrousel White with red edges	Mary Adair Apricot	Mary Marshall Coral orange, yellow base
Over The Rainbow Red and gold blend	Pixie Rose Deep roes pink	Red Cascade Dark red	Rosmarin Blend of pinks
Scarlet Gem Orange red	Seabreeze Medium pink	Sheri Anne Orange red, with a yellow base	Simplex White
Starina Orange-red	Top Secret Deep red	Toy Clown White with red edges

Tree Roses

Tree roses are often times two roses combined. A strong grower is grafted onto a root understock. And onto a stem is budded any bush rose--hybrid tea, floribunda, grandiflora, polyantha, miniature, and even climbers.

Tree roses bring height and accent to landscaping. use them as a formal specimen, or under plant them with floribundas or annuals for a more informal look. They are an effective lining for a walkway, or in a narrow strip of land between the driveway or a fence. They are not for the weekend gardener. They need more care than any of the aforementioned species.

Give them the same soil mixture as any of the roses. Take note that they need a proportionally larger pot (consider placing them on casters for ease of mobility). The best fertilizer for movable roses is water soluble. Feed once a month, follow label instructions. Or if you prefer a more even growth, feed every other week at half strength. When winter arrives, move plants indoors or into an unheated porch, garage or basement.

When planting, place a stake next to the trunk, and use soft ties to secure the trunk to it in three places. The stake should extend into the head (bush of the plant). Wrap the young tree's trunk with burlap or tree wrap. If hot weather is fast approaching, cover the canes with moist sphagnum moss, or pop a plastic bag over the tree's head to prevent canes from drying out and to help them sprout quickly. Remove any coverings as soon as the buds break out.